According to historical sources, ancient Indian royalty polished and rubbed their skin with:

The practice of polishing and rubbing the skin of ancient Indian royalty predominantly involved the use of flat sticks. This method was likely chosen due to its ability to provide a smooth texture and the potential for a more controlled application of pressure during skin care. Flat sticks would allow for effective manipulation of the skin, promoting circulation and enhancing the overall appearance and health of the skin.

Historical records suggest that this practice was an aspect of self-care and beauty routines among the elite, intended to maintain skin health, provide a form of exfoliation, and encourage relaxation. The cultural emphasis on personal grooming and wellness in ancient Indian society explains the use of such tools, which offered both physical and aesthetic benefits.

Other methods like using rough stones might not have provided the gentleness required for skin care, while silk cloths would likely serve different purposes such as covering or draping. Herbal pastes, though historically significant in skincare, are not related to the act of polishing or rubbing in the context specified by the question, focusing instead on topical applications rather than the physical action of polishing.